Image of the Day…Spacecraft Launch on March 27 2015…

One-year crew lift-off success

NASA astronaut Scott Kelly and Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko will spend a year aboard the International Space Station.

Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft launch on March 27, 2015

Media photograph the Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft as it launches to the International Space Station with Expedition 43 NASA astronaut Scott Kelly, Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) onboard.

Liftoff was at 3:42 p.m. EDT Friday, March 27, 2015 (March 28 Kazakh time) from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016.

The goal of the mission is to help scientists better understand how the human body reacts and adapts to the harsh environment of space.

Source:::: http://www.earthskynews.org

Natarajan

 

” Stories Going Round in Media about Germanwings Flight 9525….”

Airbus A320 Germanwings D-AIPX crashed

Germanwings flight 9525 flying from Barcelona, Spain to Düsseldorf, Germany, crashed in the Alps on Tuesday morning near the town of Seyne-les-Alps, France. All 150 passengers and crew on board the airliner were killed. French authorities point to the apparently intentional downing of the flight by its 28 year-old co-pilot Andreas Lubitz as the most likely cause of the crash.

Here’s everything we know about the crash of Germanwings flight 9525:

  • Founded in 2002, Germanwings is a low-cost subsidiary of Germany’s Lufthansa.
  • The Airbus A320 — registration number D-AIPX — was delivered to Lufthansa on June 2, 1991.
  • D-AIPX joined the Germanwings fleet in 2014
  • According to a statement from Airbus, the Germanwings jet had accumulated 58,300 flight hours on 46,700 flights and was powered by a pair of General Electric/SNECMA CFM-56 5A1
  • turbofan engines.
  • The Airbus had received maintenance attention in Düsseldorf the day before the crash.
  • According to the airline, the jet took off with a clean bill of health.

Germanwings Crash Site

  • Weather conditions during the flight were clear.
  • The plane dropped to a cruising altitude of just 5,000 feet from 38,000 feet in about 8 minutes.
  • Contact between the aeroplane and French radar and flight controllers was lost at 10:53 a.m. local time at an altitude of about 6,000 feet.
  • A witness nearby told the Associated Press, “The noise I heard was long — like 8 seconds — as if the plane was going more slowly than a military plane speed. There was another long noise after about 30 seconds.”

Germanwings

A French Gendarmerie rescue helicopter flies over the at the site of the crash, near Seyne-les-Alpes, French Alps March 27, 2015.

  • 150 passengers and crew were killed in the crash; 72 onboard were from Germany and between 35-49 from Spain.
  • This includes 16 students and two teachers from a small town in Germany.
  • Three Americans were also on the ill-fated flight — including a mother and her adult daughter from Virginia.
  • The Airbus’ cockpit voice recorder, one of the two “black boxes” on board the jet has been recovered.
  • Although damaged, investigators were able to retrieve data from the recorder.
  • Only the outer casing of the Airbus’ second “black box,” — the flight data recorder — has been found.
  • The memory card containing the recorded information from the FDR became separated from its casing by the crash and was still missing.

Recorder germanwings

The Germanwings Airbus cockpit voice recorder.

 

  • According to the lead prosecutor in the investigation, about 30 minutes into the flight, co-pilot Lubitz locked the captain out of the cockpit after the captain left the flight deck.
  • Lubitz then put the jet into a steep, unapproved dive by instructing the Airbus’ autopilot system to descend to just 100 feet.
  • The captain reportedly made numerous attempts to regain entry but, according to investigators, the co-pilot made no attempt to answer the requests.
  • The captain even, reportedly, used an ax to try to break down the door.

France cockpit

A picture inside a flight simulator shows the door locking system of an Airbus A320 in Vienna on March 26, 2015.
  • Prosecutors said Lubitz did not make any distress calls during the 8-minute-long descent, nor did he answer any of the distress calls made be air traffic control.
  • During the descent, the co-pilot’s breathing remained normal.
  • Lubitz joined Germanwings in September, 2013 after graduating from Lufthansa’s flight training school. He had just 630 hours of experience at the time of the crash.
  • According to Lufthansa CEO Carsten Spohr, Lubitz took a months-long leave of absence from training at one point. Due to Germany’s medical privacy laws, the reason for the hiatus is unknown.
  • A source familiar with the investigation told the Wall Street Journal that Lubitz was in treatment for depression, but hid the treatment from his employers at Lufthansa.
  • The source also told the Journal that there is no evidence to suggest the co-pilot was taking any “mind-altering medications” at the time of the incident.
  • Earlier on Friday, prosecutors said a doctor’s note stating that Lubitz was unfit to fly on the day of the crash was found at the co-pilot’s residence in Düsseldorf, Germany.
  • According to the Wall Street Journal, that note is reportedly from the pilot’s psychiatrist.
  • A second note was also found in pieces at the residence, but its contents are unclear.
  • In a statement, Germanwings said Lubitz had not submitted any of the notes to the airline.
  • Lubitz apparently ignored his doctor’s advice and reported for duty as scheduled.

source::::  BENJAMIN ZHANG, PAMELA ENGEL …www.busunessinsider.com.au

Natarajan

 

 

Airports’ Three Letter Nick Names…!!!….Story Behind the Codes…!!!

When booking flights online, knowing your local airport’s code can come in handy.

There’s 3,000 miles’ difference between BUR (Burbank, California) and BTV (Burlington, Vermont). And you probably don’t want to end up in Venezuela just in time for Oktoberfest (Munich’s code is MUC, not MUN).

Those enigmatic three-letter signifiers that help you search for flights on Kayak or Priceline are doled out by the

International  Transport Association, and distinguish airports from one another. But the average traveler may not know where those letters come from.

Arizona-based designer Lynn Fisher, who travels a lot and loves trivia, became interested in the rationale behind those IATA codes a few years ago but couldn’t find one place online that explained them all. She and developer Nick Crohn decided to create a website that did just that.

The result, airportcod.es, pairs a “unique aspect of each airport, whether it be architecture, art, or a great view,” with its three-letter code and the origin story behind it. Some, like Fisher and Crohn’s local airport, PHX, are straightforward; others are more obscure or random.

Visit their website to browse codes from more than 200 airports around the world. Here’s a sample:

ARN
Stockholm Arlanda Airport, Stockholm

Stockholm’s airport is named ARlaNda, a made-up word combining Arland, another name for the nearby parish of Ärlinghundra, and landa, the Swedish verb meaning “to land.”

CDG
Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris

Renamed and officially opened in 1974, France’s largest airport is named after Charles De Gaulle, former president and founder of the French Fifth Republic.

CGK
Soekarno–Hatta International Airport, Jakarta, Indonesia

Soekarno–Hatta International serves the capital city of Jakarta and honors Indonesia’s first president and first vice president. It receives its code from the CenGKareng district in the city of Tangerang, where it’s located.

CVG
Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, Cincinnati

Serving the greater Cincinnati metro area, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky’s airport code comes from the nearby city of CoVinGton.

DXB
Dubai International Airport, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

When Dubai International opened in 1960, the airport code DUB was already in use by Dublin. DuBai subbed an X for the U, making its unique airport code of DXB.

EWR
Liberty International Airport, Newark, New Jersey

When airport codes switched from two letters to three, the Navy reserved all codes starting with N. NEWaRk, then, used the other letters in its name to make EWR.

IAD
Dulles International Airport, Washington, D.C.

Dulles International Airport’s three-letter code was once DIA. When handwritten, it was often misread as DCA, another Washington airport. It was reversed to IAD to avoid confusion.

LAX
Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles

Before the 1930s, airports had two-letter codes. When codes switched to three letters, many added the letter X to the end. LA (Los Angeles) became LAX. (See also:PDX.)

LHR
London Heathrow Airport, London

London HeathRow takes its name from Heathrow, a hamlet northwest of where the then-small airfield was started in 1929.

OGG
Kahului Airport, Kahului, Hawaii

Kahului Airport is named after its home city, but its airport code honors Hawaiian-born pilot Bertram J. HOGG.

ORD
O’Hare International Airport, Chicago

Before the airport was renamed after Medal of Honor recipient Edward O’Hare in 1949, it was known as ORcharD Field Airport.

SFO
San Francisco International Airport, San Francisco

When codes switched to three letters from two, many added the letter X to the end.San FranciscO instead used its last letter O.

SUX
Sioux Gateway Airport, Sioux City, Iowa

SioUX City petitioned twice to have its airport code, SUX, changed. With no great alternatives, it stuck with it and now uses the slogan “Fly SUX.”

UIO
Mariscal Sucre International Airport, Quito, Ecuador

Mariscal Sucre International is named after Antonio José de Sucre, who fought for the independence of Quito, in what is now Ecuador. Because the Federal Communications Commission reserved codes starting with Q, it opted for other letters from its home city of QUItO.

YYZ
Pearson International Airport, Toronto

Airport codes starting with Y designate Canadian airports. The YZ isn’t as clear but is said to be the old railway station code for Malton, an area west of Toronto where the airport is located.

For more airport codes and their origin stories, visit airportcod.es.

Source::::: http://www.businessinsider .com

Natarajan

 

Image of the Day….Milky Way !!!

Malibu stargazer

We’re getting many comments this month about the return of the Milky Way for late night and early morning stargazers.

View larger. | Shreenivasan Manievannan calls this photo Malibu Stargazer.

View larger. | Shreenivasan Manievannan calls this photo Malibu Stargazer.

Our friend Shreenivasan Manievannan posted this photo to EarthSky Facebook. He wrote that, from this beach in southern California, even with all the light pollution from nearby Los Angeles, the Milky Way rose and was visible to the unaided eye. Thank you, Shreenivasan! Beautiful photo.

We’re getting many comments this month about the return of the Milky Way for late night and early morning stargazers. The best time to see it in the evening is around August, but you can also glimpse it now – stretching across a dark country sky – if you stay up late, or get up early.

Help EarthSky build a new community website in 2016! Click here to learn EarthSky’s history and goals, and donate today.

Bottom line: Malibu stargazer, a photo by Shreenivasan Manievannan. Visit his page on 500px.com.

source:::: http://www.eartskynews.org

Natarajan

Image of the Day…Soyuz Spacecraft Ready to be Launched on March 28…

The Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft is seen after having rolled out by train to the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan, Wednesday, March 25, 2015. NASA astronaut Scott Kelly and Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) are scheduled to launch to the International Space Station in the Soyuz at 3:42 p.m. EDT, Friday, March 27 (March 28, Kazakh time). As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on the Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016.

Most expeditions to the space station last four to six months. By doubling the length of this mission, researchers hope to better understand how the human body reacts and adapts to long-duration spaceflight. This knowledge is critical as NASA looks toward human journeys deeper into the solar system, including to and from Mars, which could last 500 days or longer.

More: A Year in Space

Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls 

source:::: http://www.nasa.gov

Image of the Day….”Marathon Valley” @ Mars…

This view from NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity shows part of “Marathon Valley,” a destination on the western rim of Endeavour Crater, as seen from an overlook north of the valley.

The scene spans from east, at left, to southeast. It combines four pointings of the rover’s panoramic camera (Pancam) on March 13, 2015, during the 3,958th Martian day, or sol, of Opportunity’s work on Mars.

The rover team selected Marathon Valley as a science destination because observations of this location using the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) instrument on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter yielded evidence of clay minerals, a clue to ancient wet environments. By the time Opportunity explores Marathon Valley, the rover will have exceeded a total driving distance equivalent to an Olympic marathon. Opportunity has been exploring the Meridiani Planum region of Mars since January 2004.

This version of the image is presented in approximate true color by combining exposures taken through three of the Pancam’s color filters at each of the four camera pointings, using filters centered on wavelengths of 753 nanometers (near-infrared), 535 nanometers (green) and 432 nanometers (violet).

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell Univ./Arizona State Univ.

Source:::: http://www.nasa.gov

Natarajan

Germanwings Flight Crash… Is A 320 Still a Safer Aircraft …?

IT IS technologically advanced and used by major airlines across the globe with one taking off on average every two seconds.

However, despite two major crashes involving an A320 in the space of just three months, the jet remains one of the world’s safest.

That’s the view of leading aviation expert Neil Hansford who told news.com.au that the plane was so technologically advanced it practically flew itself.

The chairman of Strategic Aviation Solutions, with more than 30 years experience in the industry, said if there was a major design fault in the plane the world would have known about it before now.

His comments comes in the wake of Germanwings Flight 4U9525, which crashed on a remote mountain range in the French alps overnight.

Germanwings Flight 4U9525 was travelling from Barcelona, Spain, to Dusseldorf, Germany, when at approximately 10.30am local time on Tuesday, the plane lost radio contact.

The flight was just 46 minutes in when trouble struck, plummeting 31,200 feet in 8 minutes.

It is the second major crash involving an A320 in just three months.

AirAsia Flight QZ8501 crashed into the Java Sea in stormy weather on December 28 during what was supposed to be a short trip from the Indonesian city of Surabaya to Singapore.

In 30 seconds, it rose from 32,000 feet to 37,400 feet, then dipped to 32,000 feet, before descending for around three minutes.

The plane’s stall alarms were going off for four minutes before the crash.

In both cases Mr Hansford said he didn’t believe it was a fault of the plane itself which caused them to crash and added investigators couldn’t rule anything out.

“An A320 takes off every two seconds around the world,” Mr Hansford said,.

“The A320 is a sophisticated aircraft which is not flown in the traditional way in that the computer flies the aircraft, the pilot operates the computer.”

Mr Hansford maintained despite the two crashes, the plane remained one of the world’s safest and it was just sheer coincidence and force of numbers that two crashes had taken place in as many months.

He still believed the A320 was the trump aircraft as evidenced by the sheer numbers of them flying popular flight routes including between Paris and London and Sydney to Melbourne.

Mr Hansford said the plane’s hi-tech systems meant if there was a fault in the plane, or if an engine had failed, the pilot would have had time to save it.

He also said the black box would reveal further details which would come to light sooner than in recent crashes including the Air Asia and Malaysian crashes last year.

“Unlike Malaysian and Indonesian authorities however, the French and German authorities and their carriers will be more transparent,” he said speaking of the retrieval of the black box and the release of information.

The A320 remains a popular aircraft among the world’s airlines with a good safety record.

The A320 remains a popular aircraft among the world’s airlines with a good safety record. Source: AP 

THE A320:

Regarded as a workhorse of modern aviation, similar to the Boeing 737, there are more than 3600 of them in operation worldwide, according to Airbus, which also makes nearly identical versions of the plane, the smaller A318 and A319 and the stretched A321. An additional 2500 of those jets are flying, according to AFP.

The A320 family has a good safety record, with just 0.14 fatal accidents per million takeoffs, according to a Boeing safety analysis.

This particular jet was delivered to Lufthansa — the parent company of Germanwings — in 1991 and had about 58,300 flight hours over 46,700 flights.

The airline is the budget offshoot of major carrier Lufthansa, and this is the first deadly incident in its 13-year history.

This A320 had also passed its last routine check on Monday and its captain had more than 10 years flying experience, Sky News reported.

Airbus is investigating whether a mechanical fault is to blame, however this particular Airbus A320 of Germanwings underwent full maintenance in 2013, according to the head of the company Thomas Winkelmann.

“But we cannot rule out a structural issue: a failure of a part of the structure caused by an absence of detailed maintenance or the wear of a particular element that will become apparent after tens of thousands of flight hours,” the former investigator said.

“In the history of aviation, it’s only when accidents occur that we are able to detect unforeseen weaknesses on parts of a plane where maintenance procedures were not thought necessary.”

LOW COST, LOW SAFETY?:

Xavier Tytelman, an air safety specialist told AFP while this particular plane was 24 years old, that didn’t necessarily mean it was less safe than newer planes.

While new aircraft are more efficient which gave airlines who use them a major cost advantage as fuel can account for a quarter to half of operating costs, it didn’t mean they couldn’t be used by budget carriers.

According to him, new planes can also mean lower maintenance costs. Each four or five years passenger jets require an extensive overhaul, which is both costly in itself and requires taking the plane out of service for weeks.

“Low-cost airlines don’t have any incentive to invest in such maintenance and just before planes arrive at that age they sell them,” Mr Tytelman told AFP.

However the Germanwings A320, was probably in its final years of commercial service and pulling old planes out of service wasn’t an issue of safety but rather economics.

“Low cost, that means less comfort, but not less safety,” Mr Tytelman said.

‘EASY TO BLAME A DEAD MAN’:

Another international aviation expert Arthur Wolk told 3AW Breakfast that the cause of the crash would be determined really quickly.

“If there was not foul play, and that will be determined pretty quickly, it looks like another example of the angle of attack sensors being iced over,” he told the program.

He speculated that “angle attack sensors” at the front of the aircraft may have “iced over”, causing the plane to “pretty much go straight down”, which was the same problem that contributed to the 2009 Air France crash.

“It’s easy to blame a dead man … but this is a problem even the best pilots can’t handle,” he told the radio program.

Two planes of German airline Germanwings are pictured at Cologne/Bonn airport yesterday.

Two planes of German airline Germanwings are pictured at Cologne/Bonn airport yesterday. Source: AFP 

SOURCE:::: http://www.news.com.au

Natarajan

Image of the Day…. Eclipse Flyby…!!!

The awesome video above shows an airplane shooting past, in front of the moon and sun, during the partial eclipse. Our friend David Walker posted it to the EarthSky Photo page on G+.

SOURCE:::::: http://www.earthsky.org

Natarajan

 

Image of the Day…. Vanguard satellite…

One of the Vanguard satellites is checked out at Cape Canaveral, Florida in 1958. Vanguard 1, the world’s first solar-powered satellite, launched on St. Patrick’s Day (March 17) 1958. It was designed to test the launch capabilities of a three-stage launch vehicle and the effects of the environment on a satellite and its systems in Earth orbit. Vanguard 1 was the second U.S. satellite in orbit, following Explorer 1, and remains the oldest artificial object orbiting Earth to this day. Vanguard began as a program at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington and transferred over to NASA (along with many of its personnel) after the agency was founded by the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958.

Image Credit: NASA 

SOURCE::::: http://www.nasa.gov

Natarajan

Busiest Flight Routes in the World….Sapporo -Tokyo Sector is on the Top of The List…!!!

Busiest flight routes in the world revealed … with number one carrying SEVEN MILLION passengers a year (and the two cities will surprise you)

  • More than 14 million people travel between Sapporo and Tokyo every year 
  • Six of the world’s 10 busiest routes are found in Asia
  • No cities in Europe or North America managed to crack the list 

More than seven million people travelled on the busiest flight route in the world in 2013 – but the two cities may surprise you.

It wasn’t the short hop between the Brazilian cities of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro or the two-hour journey between Beijing and Shanghai in China.

Surprisingly, it was the 90-minute trek from Sapporo to Tokyo in Japan.

Crowded: The busiest flight route in the world is Sapporo to Tokyo, with the return leg a close second

Crowded: The busiest flight route in the world is Sapporo to Tokyo, with the return leg a close second

Data prepared by FightStats for The Huffington Post shows that 7.4 million passengers travelled from Sapporo to Tokyo on 29,858 flights last year.

The return leg is the world’s second busiest route, transporting 7.3 million passengers on 29,484 flights.

Tokyo has the world’s most populous metropolitan area with more than 35 million residents, while Sapporo, in comparison, is home to just two million people.

An online search displays dozens of daily flights from Sapporo to Tokyo’s Narita and Haneda airports, departing every five to 30 minutes on a number of carriers.

All Nippon Airways is one of the carriers that ferries nearly seven million passengers from Sapporo to Tokyo

All Nippon Airways is one of the carriers that ferries nearly seven million passengers from Sapporo to Tokyo

FlightStats says more than 8.3 million people take to the skies every day on more than 93,000 flights.

The third busiest route in the world in 2013 was Seoul to Jeju in South Korea, while the return flight was the fourth busiest.

Almost seven million people flew each way on about 37,000 flights in 2013.

The Sao Paulo-Rio de Janeiro route rounds out the top five with just over six million travellers. The return flight is the sixth busiest flight.

Six of the world’s 10 busiest routes are in Asia, while the others are located in Brazil and Australia.

Sydney to Melbourne and the return leg are the ninth and 10th busiest routes.

Tokyo was by far the busiest city for airport travel, claiming four spots. The routes between Tokyo and Fukuoka also cracked the list.

No cities in Europe or North America made the top 10.

BUSIEST ROUTES IN THE WORLD

  1. Sapporo-Tokyo (29,585 flights, 7,404,740 passengers
  2. Tokyo-Sapporo, (29,484, 7,376,637)
  3. Seoul-Jeju, South Korea, (37,167, 6,939,204)
  4. Jeju-Seoul, (36,809, 6,872,450)
  5. Sao Paulo-Rio de Janeiro (37,520, 6,094,249)
  6. Rio de Janeiro-Sao Paulo (37,420, 6,085,195)
  7. Tokyo-Fukuoka, Japan (25,214, 5,886,273)
  8. Fukuoka-Tokyo (25,130, 5,872,756)
  9. Sydney-Melbourne (26,534, 4,997,700)
  10. Melbourne-Sydney (26,512, 4,978,161)

Source: FlightStats

The website FlightAware compiled a list of the busiest routes on a single day, using July 30, 2014 as an example.

On that day, the busiest route in the world saw 94 flights travel from Seoul’s Gimpo International Airport to Jeju International Airport.

The busiest route in the US on July 30, 2014 was Los Angeles to San Francisco with a total of 55 flights.

Source:::: http://www.dailymail.co.uk

Natarajan