Quotable Quotes on Peace ….

Throughout the centuries, peace has always been something fought for, and it still is something worth fighting for. We celebrate peace both in simple everyday things, and also in matters that concern the whole world. Just as history has seen people and nations that went against peace, there were also famous legends who have shown us what it is. Here are touching truthful quotes by some of these unforgettable figures.

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Peace Quotes

Source….www.ba-bamail.com

Natarajan

These Skyscrapers Look Normal, But Something Amazing Happens When The Sun Hits Them….

The United Arab Emirates is known for their incredible, luxurious views. Gorgeous architecture punctuates the entire region, but these towers in the capital city take things to a whole new level.

Designed to resemble the ornate mashrabiya shades that have been used in their culture for centuries, these majestic skyscrapers have a secret that makes them even more unique.

These intricate shades wrap around the Al Bahar buildings in Abu Dhabi.

These intricate shades wrap around the Al Bahar buildings in Abu Dhabi.

They bring a unique texture to the tall structures.

They bring a unique texture to the tall structures.

And on top of that, they totally morph when the sun hits them from different angles.

And on top of that, they totally morph when the sun hits them from different angles.

YouTube / CNBC International

No one ever has to worry about the mid-afternoon glare of the sun beating down on those inside.

No one ever has to worry about the mid-afternoon glare of the sun beating down on those inside.

The architects at Aedas are responsible for the incredible effect.

The architects at <a href="http://www.aedas.com/" target="_blank">Aedas</a> are responsible for the incredible effect.

These shades are perfect for beating the heat.

These shades are perfect for beating the heat.

(via Bored Panda)

The blending of traditional design and innovative technology has never looked more beautiful. If only I could hire them to do the same thing for my house…

Source…. Jessica  Catcher……www.viralnova.com

Natarajan

Image of the Day…Northwest Australia From the Space Station’s EarthKAM…

Blue water and coastline photographed from space station

This stunning image of the northwest corner of Australia was snapped by a student on Earth after remotely controlling the Sally Ride EarthKAM aboard the International Space Station. The EarthKAM program allows students to request photographs of specific Earth features, which are taken by a special camera mounted on the space station when it passes over those features. The images are posted online for the public and students in participating classrooms around the world to view.

EarthKAM is the only program providing students with such direct control of an instrument on a spacecraft orbiting Earth, teaching them about environmental science, geography and space communications.The project was initiated by Dr. Sally Ride, America’s first woman in space, in 1995 and called KidSat; the camera flew on five space shuttle flights before moving to the space station on Expedition 1 in 2001. In 2011, NASA and Sally Ride Science installed a new camera system in a downward-pointing window on the station. This camera system is responsible for taking and downloading student image requests.

Image Credit: NASA/EarthKAM.org

Source…www.nasa.gov

Natarajan

Do You Know the 7 Indian Women in BBC’s 100 Women List of 2015…?

Every year, BBC releases a list of 100 most inspirational women from around the world. These include influential women from the fields of politics, science, entertainment and more, along with those who are less popular but are inspiring many in their own ways.

This year’s list, which was announced on Wednesday, includes seven Indian personalities.

1. Sania Mirza

sania

Photo: Wikipedia

This name needs no introduction. Proud holder of current world’s number one ranking in women’s doubles Tennis, 28-year-old Sania Mirza has established herself as a renowned Tennis player and a truly deserving person to be on the list.

2. Rimppi Kumari

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Photo: BBC

Representing the true essence of empowerment, 32-year-old Rimppi Kumari took over a 32-acre farm after her father’s death. She now manages it with her sister in Rajasthan.

3. Smriti Nagpal

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Photo: Twitter

After working as a sign language interpreter in India, Smriti was deeply affected by the issues faced by people with disabilities in the country. Thus she started Atulyakala, an organization that sells products designed by people with hearing impairments.

4. Kamini Kaushal

kamini

Photo: Wikipedia

This 88-year-old Hindi film and television actress has worked in over 100 films, becoming one of the most renowned faces in the industry. She is most noted for her work in a film called Neecha Nagar, which won the 1946 Palme d’Or (Golden Palm) at Cannes Film Festival.

 

5. Mumtaz Shaikh

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Photo: Twitter

33-year-old Mumtaz is the Right to Pee activist. She has been aggressively working to get free facilities for women through the ‘Right to Pee’ network. She got 96 toilets constructed in Mumbai, which women can use for free. In addition, she is also working to get the government to set aside Rs. 5 crore to build female-only urinals across the city.

6. Kanika Tekriwal

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Photo: Twitter

Kanika, a 27-year-old entrepreneur, is the founder of JetSetGo, India’s first and only marketplace for private jet planes and helicopters. Her organization provides private jets for birthday parties, business trips and other similar events. She was diagnosed with cancer in her 20s, but this did not deter her for creating a unique identity of her own.

7. Asha Bhosale

asha

Photo: Wikipedia

This 82-year-old renowned singer recorded her first song in 1943 and since then she has given her voice to thousands of songs in Indian movies and albums.

source…..Shreya Pareek….www.the betterindia.com

Natarajan

” White Print”… India’s First Lifestyle Magazine in Braille for Visually impaired …

My oldest reader is 80. And she told me once: ‘Don’t stop yourself from printing anything in the magazine. If we cannot see it in our lives, it will be at least something we see though the magazine.’” Readers like this have inspired Upasana Makati to keep publishing India’s first and only lifestyle magazine in Braille English.

Upasana Makati, a graduate in Mass Media, had just returned from Canada after studying Communications and was, while working at a PR firm in Mumbai, mulling over what to do next.

whiteprint

“I have this habit…just before sleeping, I review the day to think about what went right, what went wrong, and what I can do in life to make it more meaningful. And one such night, I just happened to wonder about what visually impaired people read. If we want to read, we have so many options. We can easily read so many magazines. But when this thought came to me, I couldn’t think of even one newspaper or magazine that is there for the visually impaired in Braille.”

Upasana decided to do some research. She went to visit the National Association for the Blind to find out what kind of reading material was available to visually impaired people. “Even there they told me that nobody has come up with a magazine dedicated to the visually impaired. The Association itself compiled a couple of newsletters every three months for the subscribers on its list. That was it.”

And so, out of this one vague and random thought in 2013, was born White Print, India’s first lifestyle magazine for visually impaired people in Braille English. This magazine is being read far and wide today, and is promoting Braille literacy with well-researched articles and stories.

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It took Upasana some time to plan the magazine and figure out how it should be structured. She spoke to many visually impaired people to find out what they wanted. “I realized that they were so tired of being sympathized with. So I decided that I would not make this magazine another charity venture and get it registered as an NGO. I would run it like any other full-fledged lifestyle magazine.”

This, however, meant getting ads for the magazine, which was definitely a challenge because people had never advertised in Braille before. But Upasana had to give it a try. She wanted to make sure that the magazine was how her audience wanted it to be. “I sent almost 200 emails for advertisements, and out of that I got one reply which was from the marketing head of Raymond. That was how I got my first ad. We got a five page advertorial from them in the first issue of White Print,” she remembers.

Upasana also learned the software used to convert text to Braille and familiarized herself with the other logistics necessary to run a magazine.

This is how White Print first started with sample copies, and a month after, she had 20 subscribers.

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Our readers started loving the magazine. I remember getting this call from a girl. When the first edition reached her house, she was so excited about getting a magazine in Braille with such amazing content. She called me at the end of the day and said – ‘I just received the magazine in the morning, and I have already completed all the 64 pages. Can you send me the next one? It was really exciting for me. I could read it myself. I did not have to depend on anyone else to read it out to me.’”

Inspiring calls and messages like this from her readers motivated Upasana to keep going. “It made me think, that just a magazine means so much to some people. I had never imagined that something like this could happen. It also made me realize how much we take things for granted. We get the newspaper every morning, start our day, read it, keep it aside — we don’t value it at all. But here was a bunch of people who were so eagerly waiting for their magazines to come in. And it was really encouraging.”

On the corporate side of things, however, people were still hesitant to advertise with White Print. They felt this was not something mainstream and the returns were doubtful. But Upasana did not stop trying. She wrote to people like Ratan Tata (this got the magazine an advertisement from TATA) because she felt that visionaries like him would see some scope in her project and begin to contribute. Coca-Cola also designed an advertisement especially for White Print. “They made a sound clip and we installed it in every magazine. And it worked like a musical card. So, as soon as people would turn to the centre page, the song Umeedo Wali Dhoop would start playing. That received such an amazing response — it became a very popular edition among the readers.”

While Upasana herself writes three columns every month, she has a group of freelancers from different parts of the country who contribute voluntarily.

She also wrote to Barkha Dutt, who liked the concept and contributes a political column. The magazine also got the rights to twelve of Sudha Murthy’s short stories, which they have started publishing every month.

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As of now, the magazine does not have a rigid structure (like different sections) but keeps changing based on feedback. For example, one reader told Upasana that everyone was talking about 100 years of cinema, so she did a column on cinema in the next edition.

“My oldest reader is 80. And she told me once, ‘don’t stop yourself from printing anything in the magazine. If we cannot see it in our lives, it will be at least something we see though the magazine.’ That has stayed with me, always. So it is a little of everything in White Print.”

Upasana is currently printing 300 copies every month. In the future, she wants to increase circulation to every corner of the country and also start a daily publication. If she gets a chance, Upasana says, she would love to publish in other languages as well.

To know more about White Print, you can visit the website here.

Source……Tanaya Singh …www.the betterindia.com

Natarajan

60 Children from Pune Slums Never Want to Miss School. Thanks to One Man….

He stumbled across some slum kids while walking to the temple one morning — feeding them has become his religion since then! Read the heartwarming story of a man who is using his imagination and effort to ensure food keeps the children motivated to attend school.

Eight-year-old Rani Kamle was not allowed to go to school regularly. Her parents used to send her to beg on the streets of Pune so that she could bring home some money. One day, about three months ago, all her classmates received bags full of books and stationary, but she could not get one because of her poor attendance. It was then that Rani decided to speak up. She went back home, fought with her parents for two days, and made sure they would never stop her from going to school again. Today, she is a regular student, and a very happy one.

Rani, along with about 40 other children like her, also attends extra classes after school everyday. None of these children want to miss the two-hour long extra class. Many even fight with their parents if they are stopped from going.

But what keeps them so motivated to study? Other than the fully stuffed bags that were recently given to them, it is the food they get every day after class — idli, dosa, vada, and more!

food1

Thanks to Nitin Jirafe, an engineer with a multinational firm, these children are guaranteed a tasty meal after they finish their studies every day.

This forty-year-old man has made it his mission to ensure that none of the children drops out of school and goes back to a life of begging and working on the streets.

Nitin Jirafe

It all started on what was just another Saturday morning for Nitin. He was on his way to the temple when he came across a group of 12-15 children playing on a footpath in Phule Nagar. Curious as to what they were doing, Nitin went ahead and enquired.

These kids were associated with a Pune-based NGO called Awakening Jagriti, and were attending an open air extra class organized for them. Under a tree near the footpath, the kids stood surrounding a volunteer from the organization.

Nitin came to know that they were residents of a nearby slum. The NGO had found them doing menial jobs like rag picking and household work, or begging on the streets. The team at Awakening Jagriti convinced their parents to enrol them in a free Municipal Corporation School nearby.

However, the volunteers soon realised that once the school got over at around 1 pm, the parents would send the children back to work. They came up with an innovative solution — conducting extra classes after school to teach science and maths in a fun way. This helped the kids understand concepts that they may not learn at school and also prevented them from going back to work.

These classes take place from 2-4 pm on weekdays and 9-11 am on Saturdays. Initially, as an incentive for the kids to attend, the NGO provided them with food after the classes. While this solution worked successfully for some time, it later started failing because the NGO could no longer arrange the required funds for food. The biggest challenge now was the declining attendance because food had been a great motivation for the kids to come to the extra classes.

Nitin was inspired by what the NGO was doing and did not want them to fail in their endeavour. So he promised to bring in food on Saturdays to help ensure high attendance on one day of the week at least.

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Volunteer of Awakening Jagriti distributing fruits among children

He began taking fruit and snacks for about 20 children to the Saturday morning classes. This was in April 2015. In 4 weeks’ time, Nitin was informed that the strength of the class on Saturdays had gone up from 12-15 kids per day before his help, to about 40 every day since he started bringing in food.

“This is when I decided that I should be doing this all 365 days,” he says.

To start with, Nitin drafted a small story about these children and how he was trying to help them. He shared it with everyone at the multinational organization where he works, asking if people would be willing to contribute.

He was able to collect a sum of Rs. 45,000, to which he added another Rs 10,000 from his own pocket.

Next, he tied up with an idli seller near the slum. According to the deal, the seller now packs around 60 idlis every day, and a volunteer from the NGO delivers them to the children. The seller charges Rs. 200 per day and thus the amount that Nitin has accumulated is enough for about a year’s worth of food.

“The good thing is that the retention rate has now increased to about 90 percent and has become stable. About 30-40 children come for the extra class every day,” he says.

But Nitin had no plans of stopping here. As the parents of these children could not afford books and stationary, he bought fully stuffed school bags for them with the funds he had collected. These bags include all the basic text books for their age, along with notebooks, writing pads, drawing books, and pencil pouches.

He distributed about 40 school bags.

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Children with a volunteer from Awakening Jagriti

His condition was that only those children who attend school regularly would get these bags. Those who did not get one tried their best to convince their parents to let them go to school more regularly.

One August 10, 2015, Nitin replicated the same model in the Sangvi slum of Pune as well, where the NGO conducts similar classes. For this, he took the help of a professional photography group that he is a part of. The group has about 20 people, and with their contribution, Nitin was able to collect enough funds for seven months’ worth of commitment in Sangvi.

With about 30 regular kids from both the slums, there are a total of 60 who are attending these classes.

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The challenge for him now is to continue the process after a year. For this, he has decided to organize an exhibition with the photographs of these children, along with some artwork and greeting cards made by the kids.

“It is only the start and I hope that we will be able to collect enough to continue helping these children. They are really interested in studies, it’s just that because of poverty, their parents send them to do other jobs,” he points out.

As for the food, if the kids get bored of idlis, Nitin has told the volunteers to pick up anything else from the seller who also makes dosas and vadas.

“My only concern is that the children should remain connected to their studies. If they keep going to school, they may be motivated to continue with their education later in life too,” he concludes.

Source….Tanaya Singh …www.the betterindia.com

Natarajan

 

” I Am Visually Impaired and This Is What My Life Looks Like…” Meet.. Arundhati Nath

Arundhati Nath was born with bilateral congenital cataract. After many surgeries, she gained 25 percent of her vision, and can now read print, though from a very close distance. Today, she is working with State Bank of India. She still faces challenges but is very happy with her many achievements. This is her journey.

“Look at her. How is she working here? She must make a lot of mistakes! And now, she’s your assistant too?”

 

I looked up from my desk to see a well-dressed elderly lady speaking to my colleague. I did not understand if she had spoken out of sympathy for me, or disgust. Being a visually impaired banker, I often encounter such unpleasant remarks, and wonder if they are bred by disbelief, prejudice, sympathy or just ignorance. I also meet people who recommend a new doctor, or a cure, or sometimes inform about a temple or an astrologer.

Because of my low vision, I have to read print from a very close distance. That’s why, a few weeks after I joined the State Bank of India, a well-meaning acquaintance told me – “Don’t take it personally, but banking is not for you. Get into a school or college. You only need to memorize the daily lessons and blurt them out in front of the class.” I never imagined teaching could be so easy!

I was born with bilateral congenital cataract on Dec. 17, 1989, in Guwahati.

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However, my condition could not be detected in my hometown. My mother’s elder brother, Dr. Chidananda Bhuyan, was at the time undergoing training in Oncology at TATA Memorial Hospital in Mumbai. He requested his friend in Guwahati to come and see me. This doctor noticed something wrong with my eyes and another doctor confirmed it to be cataract. Then a local doctor said that nothing could be done at that time, and I would have to wait for six years to get a surgery.

But my uncle’s fellow doctors suggested that we should consult Dr. Keiki R. Mehta. So we immediately travelled to Mumbai. At the tender age of 45 days, I had cataract surgery in the right eye. A month later, this was followed by a surgery in the left eye, and two more surgeries in the later years – intra ocular lens implantation and a corneal transplant. Fortunately, due to the efforts of my doctors, I have retained 25 percent of my vision and I can read print, though from a very close distance and not for long stretches of time.

I spent the first few years of my life at Rangiya, a small town where my parents were posted. My class teacher, Mrs Barman, ensured that I was learning just like the other students. This was the time before the intra ocular lens implantation. My mother would draw lines with a red sketch pen in my ruled notebooks. This made the lines visible and I could write the alphabets straight.

We moved back to Guwahati when I was six. There, I appeared for an admission test in a well-known private school, but received a letter of rejection. A neighbour, who was a teacher at the same school, told my parents that I wasn’t admitted as other students would face problems due to my disability. Fortunately, I got admission at Shrimanta Shankar Academy, where I spent the next twelve years of my life. Every teacher at SSA was supportive and affectionate. I never realized I had a disability.

I knew I had a physical condition, but did not feel that it was a barrier or impairment. I was eighteen when I realized that I was visually impaired.

As I couldn’t read the blackboard even from the first bench, my teachers would always help me out. Most of my classmates, especially my best friend, Ashmita, would help me take down notes by dictating the contents on the board. I also used to take part in different co-curricular activities, especially music, dance, art and literary competitions, winning prizes in some.

My parents have always encouraged me to sing and read. I have found peace in the stories of Ruskin Bond, laughed aloud while reading Roald Dahl, and enjoyed the lives and times of Swami and his friends in Malgudi. I also took weekly lessons in Hindustani classical music and bhajans. I have performed for Doordarshan and am a junior radio artist.

At unfamiliar places, I have a constant fear that I’ll fall off a step. Moreover, I cannot recognize people’s faces especially when I suddenly meet them, which is embarrassing.

One day I was at a nearby bookshop when a young lady pointed at me while speaking to her kid, “Just see what TV viewing has done to her eyes, she can barely read!” Her intention must have been to discourage her child from watching too much television, but that didn’t take the sting out of her presumption about me.

After passing my Class X board examinations with 92.4 percent marks, I took up further studies in Commerce and completed my bachelor’s degree with specialization in Accountancy from Gauhati Commerce College (GCC). Life at college was different from school in many ways. We had to go to different classrooms for every class. I could not read the room numbers painted on top of each classroom and often needed the help of my classmates. Winning the Best Singer award at the college was my best experience there. I also represented my college at the University Youth Festival, winning a bronze medal in the Hindustani Classical (Vocal) competition.

During my second year at GCC, I was selected for the post of Assistant (Banking) at State Bank of India. Initially, I faced a lot of problems at office. I had to lean over to read, write or use the computer keyboard. I felt uncomfortable and other people grew inquisitive. My eyes felt strained and I was always tired and stressed. During those days, an acquaintance told me, “Try for a state government job. There’s hardly any work in most of the departments. You’ll earn your salary without even commuting to office daily!”

However, I didn’t want such a job. I wanted to contribute as much as any other employee. I hated being called handicapped.

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I was lucky that the Chief Manager was a dynamic and enthusiastic leader who always encouraged me. “Focus on your strengths, Arundhati. Everyone has some form of weakness. You need to focus on the best within you,” he said. These words will always remain with me and continue to inspire and motivate me.

A year later, I was transferred to a department called Account Tracking Centre and now I’m happily working here. SBI has also initiated special training programs in JAWS for the visually impaired employees. I’m currently learning the use of JAWS, a screen reader that can make the use of computers less stressful. Meeting other visually impaired people and reading inspirational books has made me feel that I’m very lucky compared to many others.

I had never travelled without my family as I was nervous that I would trip and fall somewhere. However, recently, I went on my first trip to a hill station with my colleagues and enjoyed it a lot.

I’ve always had a desire to write and express myself. Since my early school days, my teachers have encouraged me to write stories and poetry. My first poem was published in a regional newspaper when I was ten. This encouraged me to pursue writing further. In order to gain confidence and improve my writing skills, I enrolled myself for a Creative Writing Course with the Writers Bureau, UK, three years ago. I aspire to be a successful freelance writer and translator. I have written for publications like National Geographic Traveler India, Mother and Baby, The Assam Tribune and The Guardian UK. Since I like writing in Assamese and Hindi too, I would like to write in these languages and translate Assamese short stories into English.

I’m grateful to the people who have supported and helped me in different ways. I do not know if I’ll be able to see perfectly someday or will always need to face challenges. However, would life be interesting without the occasional challenges?

– Arundhati Nath

Source…….www.thebetterindia.com

Natarajan

10-Year-Old Pune Girl Ishita Katyal Becomes Youngest Indian to Speak at TEDx New York…..

Ishita Katyal is an author, a public speaker, an avid reader who loves the works of Ruskin Bond, a dancer, a singer and also a basketball player in her free time. And she is just 10 years old!

Recently, she added yet another feather in her cap by being the youngest Indian to speak at a TEDx event.

A student of Vibgyor High in Balewadi, Pune, Ishita delivered a talk at TEDx Youth Conference in New York, becoming the youngest Indian to do so.

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Kids her age are often showered with questions like – ‘what do you want to be when you grow up’. Ishita answered everyone with her four minute long talk titled ‘What do you Want to be Now’. Her talk challenged the system which thinks that children aren’t mature enough to make a difference.

This young speaker’s journey with TEDx started in 2013 when she visited an event organized by TEDx Pune. She loved the event so much that she immediately contacted the organisers to be part of the team. Her passion towards the event won everyone’s heart and she was given the permission to organize TEDx Youth@Balewadi, becoming the youngest person to conduct such event at an age of eight.

In her latest talk, she speaks her heart out so that more children get inspired to follow their dreams, irrespective of their age. Other than this, Ishita has been achieving extra ordinary things since a very young age.

She realised early that she wanted to be an author, and wrote a book called “Simran’s Diary” when she was eight.

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She utilised her summer break and completed the book focussing on things that go on in a child’s mind and why they should be taken seriously.

The book was published on Amazon’s Kindle Store and later printed by Partridge Publishers.

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“Earlier it was very hard for me to manage everything – school, studies, TEDx, writing. Sometimes when I finished writing, I realized that I had forgotten to do my homework. Then my dad suggested me to wake up early in the morning. So at first I woke up at 6 a.m and then eventually I started waking up at 5 a.m. I would make a checklist of things I forgot, to make sure that I do them the following day in the morning,” she says.

Ishita’s New York talk has not been released yet, but you can take a look at her Bhilwara talk here-

All pics: Facebook

source….Shreya Pareek ……www.the betterindia.com  and http://www.youtube.com

Natarajan

20 misused English words that make smart people look silly….!!!

This post originally appeared at LinkedIn. Follow the author here.

We’re all tempted to use words that we’re not too familiar with. If this were the only problem, I wouldn’t have much to write about. That’s because we’re cautious with words we’re unsure of and, thus, they don’t create much of an issue for us. It’s the words that we think we’re using correctly that wreak the most havoc. We throw them around in meetings, e-mails and important documents (such as resumes and client reports), and they land, like fingernails across a chalkboard, on everyone who has to hear or read them. We’re all guilty of this from time to time, myself included.

When I write, I hire an editor who is an expert in grammar to review my articles before I post them online. It’s bad enough to have a roomful of people witness your blunder—it’s something else entirely to stumble in front of 100,000! The point is, we can all benefit from opportunities to sharpen the saw and minimize our mistakes. Often, it’s the words we perceive as being more correct or sophisticated that don’t really mean what we think they do. There are 20 such words that have a tendency to make even really smart people stumble.

Have a look to see which of these commonly confused words throw you off.

Accept vs. Except

These two words sound similar but have very different meanings. Acceptmeans to receive something willingly: “His mom accepted his explanation” or “She accepted the gift graciously.” Except signifies exclusion: “I can attend every meeting except the one next week.” To help you remember, note that both except and exclusion begin with ex.

Affect vs. Effect

To make these words even more confusing than they already are, both can be used as either a noun or a verb. Let’s start with the verbs. Affectmeans to influence something or someone; effect means to accomplish something. “Your job was affected by the organizational restructuring” but “These changes will be effected on Monday.” As a noun, an effect is the result of something: “The sunny weather had a huge effect on sales.” It’s almost always the right choice because the noun affect refers to an emotional state and is rarely used outside of psychological circles: “The patient’s affect was flat.”

Accept vs. Except

These two words sound similar but have very different meanings. Acceptmeans to receive something willingly: “His mom accepted his explanation” or “She accepted the gift graciously.” Except signifies exclusion: “I can attend every meeting except the one next week.” To help you remember, note that both except and exclusion begin with ex.

Affect vs. Effect

To make these words even more confusing than they already are, both can be used as either a noun or a verb. Let’s start with the verbs. Affectmeans to influence something or someone; effect means to accomplish something. “Your job was affected by the organizational restructuring” but “These changes will be effected on Monday.” As a noun, an effect is the result of something: “The sunny weather had a huge effect on sales.” It’s almost always the right choice because the noun affect refers to an emotional state and is rarely used outside of psychological circles: “The patient’s affect was flat.”

Lie vs. Lay

We’re all pretty clear on the lie that means an untruth. It’s the other usage that trips us up. Lie also means to recline: “Why don’t you liedown and rest?” Lay requires an object: “Lay the book on the table.” Lieis something you can do by yourself, but you need an object to lay. It’s more confusing in the past tense. The past tense of lie is—you guessed it—lay: “I lay down for an hour last night.” And the past tense of lay is laid: “I laid the book on the table.”

Bring vs. Take

Bring and take both describe transporting something or someone from one place to another, but the correct usage depends on the speaker’s point of view. Somebody brings something to you, but you take it to somewhere else: “Bring me the mail, then take your shoes to your room.” Just remember, if the movement is toward you, use bring; if the movement is away from you, use take.

Ironic vs. Coincidental

A lot of people get this wrong. If you break your leg the day before a ski trip, that’s not ironic—it’s coincidental (and bad luck). Ironic has several meanings, all of which include some type of reversal of what was expected. Verbal irony is when a person says one thing but clearly means another. Situational irony is when a result is the opposite of what was expected. O. Henry was a master of situational irony. In his famous short story The Gift of the Magi, Jim sells his watch to buy combs for his wife’s hair, and she sells her hair to buy a chain for Jim’s watch. Each character sold something precious to buy a gift for the other, but those gifts were intended for what the other person sold. That is true irony. If you break your leg the day before a ski trip, that’s coincidental.If you drive up to the mountains to ski, and there was more snow back at your house, that’s ironic.

Imply vs. Infer

To imply means to suggest something without saying it outright. Toinfer means to draw a conclusion from what someone else implies. As a general rule, the speaker/writer implies, and the listener/reader infers.

Nauseous vs. Nauseated

Nauseous has been misused so often that the incorrect usage is accepted in some circles. Still, it’s important to note the difference. Nauseousmeans causing nausea; nauseated means experiencing nausea. So, ifyour circle includes ultra-particular grammar sticklers, never say “I’mnauseous” unless you want them to be snickering behind your back.

Comprise vs. Compose

These are two of the most commonly misused words in the English language.Comprise means to include; compose means to make up. It all comes down to parts versus the whole. When you use comprise, you put the whole first: “A soccer game comprises (includes) two halves.” When you use compose, you put the pieces first: “Fifty states compose (make up) the United States of America.”

Farther vs. Further

Farther refers to physical distance, while further describes the degree or extent of an action or situation. “I can’t run any farther,” but “I have nothing further to say.” If you can substitute “more” or “additional,” usefurther.

Fewer vs. Less

Use fewer when you’re referring to separate items that can be counted; use less when referring to a whole: “You have fewer dollars, but lessmoney.”

Bringing it all together

English grammar can be tricky, and, a lot of times, the words that sound right are actually wrong. With words such as those listed above, you just have to memorize the rules so that when you are about to use them, you’ll catch yourself in the act and know for certain that you’ve written or said the right one.

Source….www.stumbleupon.com

Natarajan

Image of the Day….A Brighter Moon…

Dione and Enceladus

Although Dione (near) and Enceladus (far) are composed of nearly the same materials, Enceladus has a considerably higher reflectivity than Dione. As a result, it appears brighter against the dark night sky.

The surface of Enceladus (313 miles or 504 kilometers across) endures a constant rain of ice grains from its south polar jets. As a result, its surface is more like fresh, bright, snow than Dione’s (698 miles or 1123 kilometers across) older, weathered surface. As clean, fresh surfaces are left exposed in space, they slowly gather dust and radiation damage and darken in a process known as “space weathering.”

This view looks toward the leading hemisphere of Enceladus. North on Enceladus is up and rotated 1 degree to the right. The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Sept. 8, 2015.

The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 52,000 miles (83,000 kilometers) from Dione. Image scale is 1,600 feet (500 meters) per pixel. The distance from Enceladus was 228,000 miles (364,000 kilometers) for an image scale of 1.4 miles (2.2 kilometers) per pixel.

The Cassini mission is a cooperative project of NASA, ESA (the European Space Agency) and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the mission for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging operations center is based at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado.

For more information about the Cassini-Huygens mission visit http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov or http://www.nasa.gov/cassini . The Cassini imaging team homepage is at http://ciclops.org .

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute

Source…….www.nasa.gov

Natarajan