learnings

Speed of Electricity… Slower than a Turtle !!!

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Slower Than a Turtle

You may be surprised to learn that electrons flow through a typical copper wire much slowerthan a turtle walks.

Each wire that conducts a flow of electrons, producing usable electric current, is composed of billions of atoms. To move along it, the electrons have to traverse these atoms, randomly zig-zagging their way as they do, resulting in the net flow rate, called “drift velocity,” in a given direction being quite slow.

How slow exactly? To calculate it, we use this formula: I = n*A*v*Q or v = I/(n*A*Q)

I is the current, n is the number of electrons per cubic meter, A is the cross-section of the wire, Q is the charge of an electron and v is the drift velocity of the electrons.

Since the number of electrons in a copper wire (n) is 8.5 * 1028 per m3, and the charge of an electron (Q) is 1.6 * 10-19C, if we also know the cross sectional area and the current, we can calculate the electrons’ drift velocity.

For example, suppose you have a current of 14 amps and a copper wire with a cross section of 3 * 10-6 m2. Plug in all the numbers and you get that the electrons are moving at a speed of 3.4 * 10-4 m/s – or about one-third of a millimeter per second.

To put it in values that are easier to conceptualize, this works out to about 1.2 meters (4.1 feet) per hour- a rate far slower than the average box turtle, which can cover about 800 feet in that same amount of time.

So how is it that something that is essentially slower than a turtle can more or less instantaneously turn on a light across a room?

Chain reaction.
The atoms in the wire are crammed together cheek to jowl, which, while it makes the going slow, also has the electrons more or less abutting one another. When the switch is turned on, thanks to the electrical potential difference created by the generator, a force is created to move the electrons, with each pushing its neighbor, which in turn pushes its neighbor and so on all the way through the wire.

So, while no electrons zoom through the wire to turn on the light as you might have previously thought, it ends up seeming like that is what’s happening. This is not unlike how when you turn on your faucet, water instantly comes out despite the fact that your water source might be many miles away.

Bonus Fact:

  • The land speed record for a tortoise in competition was set by a leopard tortoise named Bertie who flew up an 18-foot uphill track in just under 20 seconds (about 0.61 mph) in 2014.

Source:::::www.today i foundout.com

Natarajan

Message For the Day…”Your Journey will be Smooth , if Your Axle is Truth and Your Goal is Peace…”

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The vehicle of human life is drawn by the senses, driven by the intellect, with discrimination and detachment as the reins on the two wheels of Time and Action. The spokes of the wheel are the rules of righteousness, bound by the rim of Love. Your journey will be smooth, if your axle is Truth and your goal is Peace. Be careful to not exaggerate the importance of things that have material utility. They fade, even while you grasp them. Search for truth (Sath) – that which suffers no change, and Awareness (Chith) – the state of consciousness which is pure, unaffected by gusts of passion and is free from egoism or the desire to possess. Then you will experience Light, and illumine the Path for others. Experience the joy that emanates from Love with no blemish of attachment.

Sathya Sai Baba

Message For the Day…” Need of the Hour is Harmony of Religions and Faith…”

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Since many separate religions have spread worldwide, they have lost fraternal feelings and thereby have suffered in validity. There is an urgent need for harmony. The principle of harmonizing is the very heart of all religions and faiths. The principles of coordination and reconciliation must be expanded and expounded. Though religions have separate names and distinct doctrines, in essence, all are one emphasising a common core. The experience and wisdom of great seers who have unveiled the mystery of the cosmos and their feelings of universal love are not appreciated, accepted, and respected. The same God is extolled and adored in various names through varied ceremonial rituals. In every age, in every race, God sent prophets to establish peace and goodwill. All great people are images of God. They form one single caste in the realm of God; they belong to one nation, the Divine Fellowship.

Sathya Sai Baba

Message For The day… Sri Rama Navami…”Ramayana must be Experienced in the Heart…”

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Today is a sacred day to recapitulate the Glory of God and His relationship with human beings. Ramayana is not a story that had an end. You are living it. Ramayana must be experienced in the heart; not investigated as a mental phenomenon. As you go on reading and ruminating, its inner meaning will become clear even as your mind is cleansed. Rama is the son of Dasharatha(one with ten chariots). The ten chariots are the senses, the fiveKarmendhriyaas (sense organs of action) and the fiveJnaanendhriyaas (organs of perception). Sathya, Dharma, Shanthi and Prema are the four children of King Dasharatha. Rama is Sathya; Bharatha is Dharma; Lakshmana is Prema and Shatrughna is Shanthi. Take these great characters from Ramayana as your life’s ideals, your life will be filled with peace and joy.   

Sathya Sai Baba

 

Amazing Art By an Artist Who Can Not See …

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Painting with Textures

In 2001, John Bramblitt lost his eyesight after an epileptic episode. Shortly after, Bramblitt started painting in a most interesting way: By using textured paint, John can tell where he painted and what, allowing him to virtually “see” the painting. The resulting paintings are a thing of beauty, rivaling and even surpassing art created by artists with perfect sight.

Blind Art

 

Blind Art

Blind Art

Blind Art

Blind Art

Blind Art

Blind Art

Blind Art

Blind Art

About the Artist:

In this Art Therapy Video from Veria Living, Blind Artist John Bramblitt began to lose his eyesight when he was just 11 years old, but you wouldn’t know it by looking at his work. He uses a special fabric paint that leaves raised lines on the canvas so he can track his progress. For colors, he says each color of paint has a different feel. He knows the colors by touch. Believe it or not, John says the world’s a much more colorful place now that he’s blind.

Source:::: ba-bamail.com and You Tube

Natarajan

Message For the Day…” One has to get guided by ‘Shastras’ For attaining Peace and Liberation…”

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The almanac (calendar) might indicate that ten units of rain will fall, but even if the daily sheet on the calendar is folded ten times and squeezed, not a drop of rain can be extracted. The purpose of the calendar is not to give rain but only to give information about rain and its quantity; its pages do not contain the ten units of rain which is there only in the clouds above. So too, the scriptures (shastras) can only give information about doctrines, axioms, rules, regulations, and duties. The sublime characteristics of the Vedas, the Upanishads, and scriptures are that they give instruction in the methods of attaining peace and liberation. But they aren’t saturated with these essences of bliss; one can’t collect the essences by squeezing the texts. One has to discover the path, direction, and goal as described in them, and then tread the path, follow the direction, and reach the goal. 

Sathya Sai Baba

 

” சொல்லு ..ராம ராமா …சிவ சிவா …”

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ஆந்த்ராவைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு சம்ஸ்க்ருத பண்டிட் ஒருவர் பெரியவாளை தர்சனம் பண்ண தஞ்சாவூர் அருகில் ஒரு கிராமத்துக்குப் போனபோது, சந்த்ரமௌலீஸ்வரர் சன்னிதியில் தீப நமஸ்காரம் நடந்து கொண்டிருந்தது. அது முடிந்ததும் அங்கு வந்திருந்த மாணவர்களைப் பார்த்து,

“எல்லாரும் ராம,ராமா…சிவ, சிவா…ன்னு சொல்லுங்கோ!” என்று சொல்லிவிட்டு குறிப்பாக ஒரு பையனைப் பார்த்து,

“சொல்லு! ராம,ராமா….சிவ சிவா!” என்றார். பையன் விழித்தான்! பக்கத்தில் இருந்தவர் பெரியவாளிடம்,

“பெரியவா….அவன் ஊமை…பொறவிலேர்ந்தே !…”

“அதுனால என்ன? அவன் சொல்லட்டும்…சொல்லுடா கொழந்தே! ராம,ராமா…சிவ சிவா….” என்று பரம பாக்யம் செய்த அந்த குழந்தைக்கு பெரியவா திருவாக்கால் நாமோபதேசம் வந்ததும்……

“ராம,ராமா…..சிவ சிவா…..” பிறவி ஊமை அழகாக பகவானின் நாமத்தை சொன்னது!

அதைக்கண்ட சம்ஸ்க்ருத பண்டிதர் “எந்த மஹானை வர்ணிக்க வார்த்தைகளே கிடையாதோ, எந்த மஹானைக் கண்டதும் பிறவி ஊமை பேசும் சக்தியைப் பெறுகிறானோ, அந்த சந்த்ரிகா மௌளீயான என் குருநாதனை நமஸ்கரிக்கிறேன்” என்ற அழகாகப் பொருள்படும் ஸ்லோகத்தை சம்ஸ்க்ருதத்தில் தக்ஷணமே கல்பித்துப் பாடினார். அதுதான் முதன்முதலாக அவர் மனஸில் ஸ்புரித்த ஸ்லோகமாம்!
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“குரு” என்ற ஈரெழுத்து “ராம” நாமத்துக்கு சரி நிகர் சமானம்.குரு என்றால் இருளைப் போக்குபவர் என்ற அர்த்தமெல்லாம் ஒரு பக்கம் இருக்கட்டும். ஆனால் ஆழ்ந்து பார்த்தால், கு, ரு என்ற இரண்டெழுத்துமே எழுதும் போதே மேலே இடது பக்கம் ஆரம்பித்து, வலமாக சுழித்து, கடைசியில் ஆரம்பித்த மேல் ஸ்தானத்துக்கே சென்று முடியும். இது ‘குரு’ என்ற மிக உன்னதமான சொல்லுக்கு தமிழ் செய்த நமஸ்காரம்.

சத்குருவின் திருவடிகளை சிந்திப்பவர், அவ்வளவு ஏன்? சத்குருவின் கடாக்ஷத்தில் விழுந்தவர்கள் மேன்மையைத்தான் அடைவர் என்று உணர்த்துகிறது.

அதே போல், சத்குருவானவர், தன்னுடைய உயர்ந்த ஸ்தானத்திலிருந்து [ஆத்மஸ்வரூபம்] இறங்கி, பொய், புரட்டைத் தவிர எதுவும் தெரியாத அல்லது தெரிந்தும் அலக்ஷியமாக கண்டதே காட்சி, கொண்டதே கோலம் என்று கெக்கே பெக்கே என்று அலையும் நம்மை மாதிரி ஜீவன்களை [ஈ, எறும்பும் இதில் அடங்கும்] யானை தன் தும்பிக்கையால் வழிப்பது போல், ஒரே வழியாக வழித்து, வாரி சுருட்டி எடுத்துக் கொண்டு போய், மேலே தன் ஸ்வரூபத்தில் சேர்த்துக் கொண்டு விடுவார். அல்லது அல்லாக்காகத் தூக்கி பகவானின் சரணத்தில் போட்டு விடுவார். யாருக்கு எப்படித் தோன்றுகிறதோ அப்படி எடுத்துக் கொள்ளலாம். உண்மையில் குருவே தெய்வம்; இதில் நம்முடைய அடம், அஹம்பாவம் எதுவுமே செல்லுபடியாகாது. ஒழுங்காக ஒத்துழைத்தால் [அவர் சொன்னபடி நடந்தால்] நம்முடையது உண்மையான ஸுகஜீவனம்; இல்லாவிட்டாலும் அவர் எப்படியும் நம்மை சுருட்டி இழுத்துக் கொண்டுதான் போகப்போகிறார். அடம் பிடித்தால், நமக்குத்தான் படு கஷ்டம்.

நமக்கு கீழ்வாலக்கமாகப் போகும் குர..ங்கு என்ற வார்த்தை மிகவும் பொருந்தும். கு என்ற எழுத்துக்கு அப்புறம் இரண்டாவது எழுத்தாக ரு அல்லது ர….எதில் சேரப்போகிறோம் நாம்?

“காமாலைக் கண்ணுக்கு காண்பதெல்லாம் மஞ்சள்” என்று சொல்லுவார்கள். நமக்கும் “குரு காமாலை” பீடித்து காண்பதெல்லாம் நம் சத்குருவாகத் தெரிந்துணர நம் குருநாதரை வேண்டித் தொழுவோம்.

Read more: http://periva.proboards.com/thread/4390/#ixzz3VRnKJY3X

source:::: http://www.periva.proboards.com

Natarajan

Russia wants to Build a Superhighway …Between Russia and Alaska !!!

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Siberia

The Trans-Siberia Railway.

A report by the Siberian Times has detailed one of Russia’s more outlandish schemes to date: a super motorway that would connect the eastern border of Russia with Alaska in the United States. The highway would make it possible to drive from the United Kingdom to the US, with help from ferries, tunnels, and trains.

The plan, unveiled at a meeting at the Russian Academy of Science and presented by the head ofRussia Rail Vladimir Yakunin, also calls for a high-speed railway to be built alongside the motorway. Both routes would support new cities and industries created as a result of the construction, the Siberian Times writes.

The development is called the Trans-Eurasian belt Development (TEPR). That name doesn’t sound very catchy, so instead we’re going with the International Road of Russia (IRR). If it were really built, it would mean you could drive (with help from the Eurostar and the Panama Canal) from the top of the UK, say Wick in Scotland, to the very bottom of South America, Cape Horn.

Here’s our rough interpretation of the route (the new railway would help cars hop across the Bering Strait, we think):

RUSSIA

Alongside the train track and road, pipelines for oil and gas and new electricity and water supply lines would be put in place. The network would total around 12,400 miles. The aim is to link Asia with Europe as it would run from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Cities most people haven’t heard of, such as Yeketerinburg and Irkutsk, would be joined up as a result of the plan.

The road would follow a similar path to the Trans-Siberian railway — but would stretch even further, crossing the Bering Strait to Alaska. It remains unclear what the US would think about that….

Here’s the Trans-Siberian railway:

Siberia
And here’s a Siberian road. It’s part of the Kolyma Highway in a remote part of the country. 

Russia

The Kolyma Highway in Siberia.

Russia sees the project as essential to spurring development within the region, the Siberian Times explains.

Yakunin said at the meeting: “This is an inter-state, inter-civilisation, project. It should be an alternative to the current (neo-liberal) model, which has caused a systemic crisis. The project should be turned into a world ‘future zone’, and it must be based on leading, not catching, technologies.”

The Russia Rail chief said he estimates the cost of the new venture would be in the trillions. He argued that the project’s economic benefit would outweigh the money spent.

Siberia

Vladimir Fortov, the Head of the Russian Academy of Science, said the scheme is “very ambitious and expensive,” reports the Siberian Times. But he added: “It will solve many problems in the development of the vast region. It is connected with social programs, and new fields, new energy resources, and so on. The idea is that basing on the new technology of high-speed rail transport we can build a new railway near the Trans-Siberian Railway with the opportunity to go to Chukotka and Bering Strait and then to the American continent.”

The Trans-Siberian Railway in Russia, which runs from Moscow to Vladisvostok and stretches across 6,152 miles. It takes seven days to travel.

SOURCE:::: http://www.businessinsider.com.au

Natarajan

Image of the Day….”Marathon Valley” @ Mars…

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This view from NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity shows part of “Marathon Valley,” a destination on the western rim of Endeavour Crater, as seen from an overlook north of the valley.

The scene spans from east, at left, to southeast. It combines four pointings of the rover’s panoramic camera (Pancam) on March 13, 2015, during the 3,958th Martian day, or sol, of Opportunity’s work on Mars.

The rover team selected Marathon Valley as a science destination because observations of this location using the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) instrument on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter yielded evidence of clay minerals, a clue to ancient wet environments. By the time Opportunity explores Marathon Valley, the rover will have exceeded a total driving distance equivalent to an Olympic marathon. Opportunity has been exploring the Meridiani Planum region of Mars since January 2004.

This version of the image is presented in approximate true color by combining exposures taken through three of the Pancam’s color filters at each of the four camera pointings, using filters centered on wavelengths of 753 nanometers (near-infrared), 535 nanometers (green) and 432 nanometers (violet).

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell Univ./Arizona State Univ.

Source:::: http://www.nasa.gov

Natarajan