Origin of the Phrase …” Run Amok “….

If like me, you ever found yourself using the phrase “run amok” and began wondering, “What’s an ‘amok’?” look no further, because here’s your answer.

For those not familiar, today the phrase “run amok” (also spelled “amuck”) is often used to describe such things as children making a mess while they run around and play or the like. Classically, though, it more resembled the modern phrase “going postal” or someone who just snaps for various reasons and goes on a murderous rampage, very similar to what is depicted in the Michael Douglas’ film, Falling Down.

One false etymology of “run amok” derives from sailors running a ship aground, literally running the ship into “muck”. This isn’t where the word came from. The English word most directly comes from the Malay “amuck” (also spelled amuk, and amuco) more or less meaning “attacking furiously” or “attacking with uncontrollable rage” or more aptly “homicidal mania”.

Some theorize this Malay word may have Indian origins or be from the name of a group of professional assassins in Malabar, the “Amuco”.  Others theorize that it came from the Malay word “amar”, meaning “fight”, specifically via “Amar-khan”, which was a certain type of warrior.   Yet another theory is that the Malay “amuck” ultimately comes from the Sanskrit “amokshya”, meaning “that cannot be loosed”.

Whatever the case, “amok” first popped up in English around the 16th century, associated with the people of Malaysia and Java, first described in the 1516 text The Book of Duarte Barbosa: An Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants]:

There are some of them [the Javanese] who go out into the streets, and kill as many persons as they meet. These are called Amuco.

The phrase “run amok” was partially popularized by Captain James Cook in 1772.  From Cook’s book:

To run amock is to get drunk with opium… to sally forth from the house, kill the person or persons supposed to have injured the Amock, and any other person that attempts to impede his passage…  indiscriminately killing and maiming villagers and animals in a frenzied attack.

In the Malay culture at the time, some believed the state of amok was caused by an evil spirit, “hantu belia”, entering the body of a person, who would then run amok, attacking and attempting to kill anyone they came across, only to recover later and return to normal, if they weren’t killed first.  Because it was thought an evil spirit caused this, rather than the person doing it of their own free will, punishments for someone who ran amok and survived were typically light or even non-existent, with the person sometimes getting off scot-free.

However, usually the person would be killed while running amok and some speculate this was generally the point of doing this as people who ran amok were and are often those who suddenly experience great trauma in their life, like the death of several loved ones or the loss of the ability to provide for themselves or their family.  So basically, the person wants to die, but doesn’t want to commit suicide directly, so goes on a murderous rampage until someone kills them.  Even today, this sort of thing can be seen in the news practically every day where someone is really just attempting “death by cop”, going on a rampage until the police manage to kill them.

Source….www.todayifoundout.com

Natarajan

 

Message for the Day… ” Truth is Divine and Eternal…”

Sathya Sai Baba

To every being born on earth, Truth is the visible manifestation of God. The entire cosmos composed of moving and immovable objects has emerged from Truth, is sustained by Truth and merges in Truth. Truth is Divine and eternal (Sathyam-Jnanam-Anantham Brahma). Hence everyone must revere Truth. Sathya and Dharma (truth and righteousness) will not submit to anyone. Every kind of strength, physical or otherwise, will have to come under their sway. Success follows Sathya and Dharma. Whatever be your scholarship or position, you have to cultivate respect for human values. ProtectSathya and Dharma always. What students and people must safeguard is not merely nations, but Sathya and Dharma. In turn these values will protect the Universe. Educated persons, who in the name of countries are giving up truth and right conduct, are actually undermining the human civilization. It is more vital to cultivate virtues than go after scholarship or other worldly riches and possessions of transient nature.

Why a Government School in Rural Chhattisgarh Can Change the Way Schools Are Run All over India…

Anusuya Jain, the highly dedicated 51-year old headmistress of Government Primary School in Motwada, Chhattisgarh has introduced some great ideas to ensure higher participation and lower lower drop out rates in the school. Here’s more on the success story.

As far as schools go, the Government Primary School in Motwada village in Kanker district, Chhattisgarh, is innovative, unusual, progressive, and inclusive. That’s a whole lot of adjectives to describe a learning institution located in the otherwise violence-affected and poverty-ridden North Bastar region but then the amazing work being done here by Headmistress Anusuya Jain, 51, and two other committed women teachers simply cannot go unnoticed.

From the impeccable, landscaped grounds to the neat and clean building to the cheerful classrooms, the school has indeed created a reputation for being a model institution.

The Government Primary School in Motwada village in Kanker district, Chhattisgarh, brings a wave of fresh change as women teachers and a committed headmistress make learning fun for students here. (Credit: Purusottam Singh Thakur\WFS)

The Government Primary School in Motwada village in Kanker district, Chhattisgarh, brings a wave of fresh change as women teachers and a committed headmistress make learning fun for students here. (Credit: Purusottam Singh Thakur\WFS) –

“And not just the facilities, but the informal environment and interactive lessons encourage local children to come to school regularly, which is a definite change from the usual absenteeism and high drop out rates among government run institutions,” points out Jain proudly.

At the Government Primary School in Motwada, classroom learning certainly takes on a whole new meaning. Instead of the customary chairs and tables, students and teachers sit together on the floor, interact with each other as equals and there is a concerted effort towards making lessons fun and informative for the young ones.

Besides the classes, the modest campus, too, is lively and filled with creative artwork, alphabets, numbers and stories painted on the walls.

“We apply the Multi Grade Multi Level (MGML) teaching method here, which enables children to enjoy their class work and also develop confidence in their abilities. These are small children from the village and to engage directly with them and make them comfortable we sit with them on the floor like their parents do at home,” she explains.

It was in 2007-08 that MGML was introduced on a pilot basis in select government schools in the district with an idea to improve the quality of education and the learning abilities of the children.

Instead of the customary chairs and tables, students and teachers at the Government Primary School in Motwada, sit together on the floor, interact with each other as equals and there is a concerted effort towards making lessons fun and informative for the young ones. (Credit: Purusottam Singh Thakur\WFS)

Instead of the customary chairs and tables, students and teachers at the Government Primary School in Motwada, sit together on the floor, interact with each other as equals and there is a concerted effort towards making lessons fun and informative for the young ones. (Credit: Purusottam Singh Thakur\WFS) –

Under the MGML method, student groups are created as per their existing knowledge and learning capacities and then they are promoted once they master a level.

Although, unfortunately, due to the lack of teaching materials and proper training, this programme has now been discontinued, the school in Motwada, which was one of the first ones to be chosen for the experiment, has been able to continue the good work.

When Jain, a mother of two grown-up sons, had come to Motwada five years back, things were being done quite differently. “Whereas children were coming to school, it was not the inviting and stimulating place it should be. Moreover, there was no involvement of the parents in either the running of the school or what was being taught to their children. A School Management Committee (SMC) was in place but it was inactive,” she recalls.

For starters, Jain decided to do a small survey of the village to gather data, like the number of families, what they did for a living, the educational qualification of the parents, and so on. With the assistance of her colleagues and a few members of the SMC she embarked upon this mission to better understand the mindset of the parents as well as their living conditions.

Her findings were definitely enlightening – no one in the village had studied beyond Class 10 and most of the teenagers and elders were employed as daily wage farm labourers.

But while their day-to-day life was tough, most harboured dreams of a better life for their children. “That attitude and hope is what has brought about the transformation. Right at the onset, I called a meeting of the parents and told them: ‘Do you want your children to become labourers? If not, then you have to pay attention to what your children are doing and play a part in the working of the village school’. The revival of the SMC has given a great boost to our work,” shares Jain.

Truly, the 16-member SMC, of which 14 are women, is functioning in tandem with the school authorities. It’s not uncommon for Committee President Godavari Yadav and her deputy, Sabita Yadav, to drop by the campus to discuss the progress of the children, get an honest feedback from the teachers and even talk about any pertinent administrative issues that may need to be addressed.

Elaborates Godavari, “We have learnt a lot by interacting with Anusuya didi. We have understood the value of good quality education and also know that as parents we need to be involved in the functioning of the school. After all, our cooperation can facilitate the teachers to give our children a better learning experience.”

Apart from that, these days, most mothers, including Godavari and Sabita, are keen on sitting with their children as they do their home assignments.

 Headmistress Anusuya Jain has generously shared her time and tapped into years of experience to ensure that the school delivers on the promise of quality learning and also make Motwada a better place to live. (Credit: Purusottam Singh Thakur\WFS)

Headmistress Anusuya Jain has generously shared her time and tapped into years of experience to ensure that the school delivers on the promise of quality learning and also make Motwada a better place to live. (Credit: Purusottam Singh Thakur\WFS) –

On their part, villagers like Ramkumar Kuldeep are quick to acknowledge her contribution, “Madam has transformed the school and has even enthused our children to work hard and do well. Her dedicated approach is appreciated by everyone in the village.”

“Anusuya didi has motivated us to sit with our kids while they are reading and doing their studies. Even if we don’t really understand what they are saying or writing, our attention eggs them to perform better and we, in turn, learn something new,” says Godavari.

Of course, the synergy between the school and the villagers has gone beyond dealing with matters of education. The SMC and the panchayat members seek Jain’s opinion and advice on tackling other issues as well.

Ramkumar Kuldeep, who is a member of the SMC, reveals, “Everyone is of the unanimous view that Anusuya madam and the other teachers are our well wishers and can provide sound guidance on a variety of issues. Just recently, when there was a proposal before the panchayat to merge Motwada into the Kanker Municipality, we were not sure what this would mean for our the village, whether it was a beneficial move. After we came together and consulted with her we decided to reject the proposal and went confidently to the District Collector. Anusuya madam is always ready to talk to us and share her personal point of view. We can take our personal problems to her, too.”

Be it information on maintaining good health and hygiene or how to support children in their education or learning the right social etiquette, Jain is at hand to show them the way. She vividly recalls how she patiently taught her students the value of cleanliness and the merits of keeping the school grounds neat – something that has had a ripple effect in the entire village.

Today, our campus is green and we have planted a variety of colourful flowers and plants. No one plucks flowers or litters in the garden. Earlier, this was not the case. Parents used to ask their children to pick flowers to offer in the temple. So I decided to tell students to take saplings and plant them at home. Once they had their own flowers they stopped plucking. One has to think of easy, workable solutions instead of dwelling on the problems,” smiles Jain.

The first one to come everyday and the last one to leave, Jain has generously shared her time and tapped into years of experience to ensure that the school delivers on the promise of quality learning and also make Motwada a better place to live.

On their part, villagers like Ramkumar Kuldeep are quick to acknowledge her contribution, “Madam has transformed the school and has even enthused our children to work hard and do well. Her dedicated approach is appreciated by everyone in the village.”

It was a decade ago that the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) had created a revised National Curriculum Framework (NCF) with the express idea of building a schooling system that would reduce children’s burden and, at the same time, facilitate learning. The Government Primary School in Motwada is among the few schools that have been able to realise this goal.

Written by Purusottam Singh Thakur for Women’s Feature Service (WFS) and republished here in arrangement with WFS

Source….www.thebetterindia.com

Natarajan

Combining Two Giants: Indian Railways & ISRO Come Together to Make Our Train Journeys Safer …

Indian Railways and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) are coming together to utilise technology in a way that our train journeys can be made a lot safer and easier in terms of navigation.

With the vision of making our railway journeys safer and more efficient, Indian Railways will tie up with Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) to get satellite images of all the track routes, and to help in navigation.

With the use of geospatial technology, it will be possible to map the complete rail routes including buildings, land, workshops etc. on the way.

The technology involves GPS (global positioning systems), GIS (geographical information systems), and RS (remote sensing) features.

trin isro

Photo Credit: Feng Zhong/Flickr

This service will be provided by GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) system of ISRO. GAGAN is an indigenous navigation system which was jointly developed by ISRO and Airports Authority of India (AAI) to assist aircrafts in accurate landing. It can now be used to assist trains as well, and Indian Railways will be able to receive online satellite images which will help in mapping the train routes in detail.

“We will sign an MoU with ISRO shortly to avail the online satellite images to create a GIS platform,” informed a senior Railway Ministry official to PTI.

This is how the GAGAN system can help Indian Railways:

  • It will be very helpful at the time of train accidents when it is difficult to find out the exact location of trains.
  • With the help of remote sensing facility, it will also help in devising solutions for safety at unmanned railway crossings.
  • Drivers on the road can be warned about an approaching train by activating hooters at the crossings.
  • With the use of GAGAN software system, trains would know the location of any unmanned level crossing and a warning signal can be given for their reference.
  • The images will also be used for geo-fencing, which will be utilised for the recently launched paperless ticketing system app. Geo-fencing is a feature which makes use of GPS and radio frequency identification (RFID) to define geographical boundaries.
  • It will also be easier to track trains with the technology on a real time basis. As of now, the train movements are tracked manually.

“There is specific information provided for aligning the railway tracks, particularly in mountainous regions, and also identifying tracks which are most stable when you are going through tunnels. In all these things, space technology is useful,” ISRO Chairman, A.S. Kiran Kumar was quoted saying earlier this year.

Source….. Tanaya Singh ….www.the betterindia.com

Natarajan

 

Joke of the Day…”What is Up ….” ?

A man walked in to a Barber Shop for his regular haircut. As he snips away, the barber asks “What is up?”
The man proceeds to explain that he is taking a vacation to Rome. ROME?!” asks the barber, “Why would you want to go there? It is a crowded dirty city full of mafiosos! You’d be crazy to go to Rome! So how are you getting there?” “We’re taking TWA” the man replies.
TWA?!” yells the barber. “They’re a terrible airline. Their planes are old, their flight attendants are ugly and they’re always late!  So, where are you staying in Rome?” The man says “We’ll be at the downtown International Marriot hotel.” “That DUMP?!” says the barber. “That’s the worst hotel in the city! The rooms are small, the service is surly and slow and they’re overpriced!  So whatcha doing when you get there?”  The man says “We’re going to go see the Vatican and hope to see the Pope.”
“HA! That’s rich!” laughs the barber. “You and a million other people trying to see him. He’ll look the size of an ant. Boy, good luck on THIS trip. You’re going to need it!”
A month later, the man comes in for his regular haircut. 
The barber says, “Well, how did that trip to Rome turn out? Bet TWA gave you the worst flight of your life!” “No, quite the opposite” explained the man. “Not only were we on time in one of their brand new planes, but it was full and they bumped us up to first class. The food and wine were wonderful, and I had a beautiful 28 year old flight attendent who waited on me hand and foot!”
“Hmmm,” says the barber , “Well, I bet the hotel was just like I described.”
“No, quite the opposite! They just finished a $25 million remodeling. It is the finest hotel in Rome, now. They were overbooked, so they, apologized and gave us the Presidential suite for no extra charge!”
“Well,” the barber mumbles, “I KNOW you didn’t get to see the Pope!”
“Actually, we were quite lucky. As we toured the Vatican, a Swiss guard tapped me on the shoulder and explained the Pope likes to personally meet some of the visitors, and if I’d be so kind as to step into this private room and wait, the Pope would personally greet me. Sure enough, after 5 minutes the Pope walked through the door and shook my hand. I knelt down as he spoke a few words to me.”
Impressed, the barber pleads, “Tell me, please! What did he say?”
“He just asked: Where did you get that awful haircut?‘”
Source…….unknown….input from a friend of mine
Natarajan

Image of the Day….NIght Sky Over Tibet….

Night skies over Tibet

High above sea level – and far from light pollution – Tibet offers one of the most breathtaking night skies in the world. A collection of photos by Jeff Dai.

Riding the roof of the world.  Everest Base Camp, Tibet, China.  A lone motorcycle wends its way to Mount Everest's Base Camp, approaching from the Chinese side. In this darkening night sky, above the snow- and ice-flanked Himalayas, the yellow-red star Antares at the Scorpion's heart rises at left; to its right the stars of Centaurus shine their blue light over the top of the world. Mount Everest's name is Chomolungma in Tibetan language, often translated as

Riding the roof of the world. A lone motorcycle approaches Mount Everest’s Base Camp from the Chinese side. Above the snow- and ice-flanked Himalayas, the yellow-red star Antares at the Scorpion’s heart rises at left; to its right the stars of Centaurus shine their blue light over the top of the world. Photo by Jeff Dai. View larger and read more.

Jeff Dai wrote to EarthSky from Tibet:

When I first visited the Tibetan Himalayas last year, the stunning night sky and fantastic experience deeply attracted me. So I decide to live in Lhasa [Tibet’s capital city], and have a plan to capture all the Himalayas including Nepal, Bhutan, India, Pakistan … at night.

Looking south across the Lake Manasarovar, an unusual moon pillar that dominates the right part of the image. On the left is a flash of lighting appears over Mount Gurla Mandhata(7694m) in the far distance. Just above this pink lightning is the bright central bulge of the Milky Way in the constellation Sagittarius and Scorpius.

Lake Manasarovar at night. Looking south across the lake, an unusual moon pillar that dominates the right part of the image. On the left is a flash of lighting appears over Mount Gurla Mandhata (7,694 meters, or 25,000 feet) in the far distance. Just above this pink lightning is the bright central bulge of the Milky Way in the constellation Sagittarius and Scorpius. Photo by Jeff Dai. View larger and read more.

Bottom line: High above sea level – and far from light pollution – Tibet offers one of the most breathtaking night skies in the world. A collection of photos by Jeff Dai.

Visit Jeff Dai on Facebook

Source….www.earhsky.org

Natarajan

Message for the Day…” Conditions may Change and Times may alter But Divinity will never Change…”

Sathya Sai Baba

What is seen by your eyes, what moves your mind, what awakens your body and what shapes your entire life is the creation around you. Gopala is well versed in tending the cows, caring for them and nurturing them. The word ‘Go’ refers to cow, earth, sensory organs, heaven, speech, etc. So Gopala can play with you and make you sing. He can move you and all others. He can protect you and make you happy. This is the aspect of Gopala, the Divine Incarnate. The act of creation and the creator are permanent and they go on forever. Conditions may change and times may alter but Divinity will never change. The most important aspect of the Divine(Paramatma) is to look after the cows (His creation), protect them and ultimately ensure they merge in Him. Hence make sincere efforts to promote the divinity that is present in you and enjoy bliss. You should persevere to elevate yourself and never let yourself slip down.

 

President Obama left a moving comment on a ‘Humans of New York’ photo from Iran…

A recent photograph of an Iranian father and his young son posted to the popular “Humans of New York” Facebook page caught the attention of US President Barack Obama.

And on Thursday, Obama — who is presiding over the biggest thaw in US-Iranian relations in decades  — left a comment on the post, saying it “really resonated” with him.

In the original post, the Iranian father wrote about how he knew he was “raising a humanitarian” when he realised his then-5-year-old son had given away two pounds of fresh apricots on their walk home. In his subsequent comment, Obama called it an “inspirational story.”

“One of the most fulfilling things that can happen to you as a parent is to see the values you’ve worked to instill in your kids start to manifest themselves in their actions,” he said. “And this one really resonated with me.”

Obama’s comment from the White House account, signed “-bo,” is below:

Brandon Stanton, the photographer behind “Humans of New York,” is currently travelling in Iran, where he’s been posting the stories of ordinary Iranians. Obama’s comment on the post came a day after he secured enough vote commitments from Democratic senators to ensure that the deal on Iran’s nuclear program would sail through Congress unscathed.

Part of Obama’s gung-ho support for the nuclear deal is the bet that the country’s citizens will lead it down a more moderate path by the time its provisions expire 10-15 years down the road. Obama alluded to this sentiment in his post.

“I’m going to continue doing whatever I can to make this world a place where he and every young person like him can live up to their full potential,” Obama wrote.

The original post is below:

“Today’s his tenth birthday. He’s a very emotional young man. He likes to solve other people’s problems. One time when he was five years old, he came with me to the store and we bought two pounds of fresh apricots. I let him carry the bag home. He walked a little bit behind me the entire way. After awhile, I asked him to hand me an apricot. ‘I can’t,’ he said. ‘I’ve given them all away.’ I knew then that I was raising a humanitarian.”

(Tabriz, Iran)

Source….BRETT LOGIURATO   ….www.businessinsider.com.au and http://www.facebook.com…Humans of Newyork site

Natarajan

” Coffee… The Fuel For You to Start Your Day…” !!!

Some of us just can’t make it through a day without our cup of coffee, and I can’t say it’s hard to see why. People call coffee “the fuel of the modern man” as a joke, but it’s not really too far form the truth. Take a look at any office during the morning hours and the majority of people will be drinking coffee. While I also love tea, there is still much to be said about the benefits and the facts you never knew about coffee:

Your body doesn’t need coffee when you wake up.

coffee facts

We naturally produce a hormone called cortisol which has a very similar effect to caffeine. This hormone is made at certain times of the day based on our circadian rhythm. It’s important to identify the best time to drink your coffee so you can enjoy its maximum efficacy.

Coffee isn’t as dehydrating as people think.

coffee facts

Caffeine was once thought to be a significant diuretic, but it’s really not true unless it’s consumed in large quantities. In fact, studies have shown that urine output isn’t significantly changed when a person drinks a caffeinated drink or a non-caffeinated drink. So as long as you enjoy your coffee in normal amounts, there’s no reason to fear dehydration.

The “powers” of coffee were discovered by goats.

coffee facts

 

According to legend, Ethiopian shepherds were the first to notice the caffeinating effects of coffee. They were herding their goats in the area where the coffee plants grow, and noticed their goats started “dancing” after eating coffee berries.

Coffee can lead to a longer and healthier life.

coffee facts

Coffee has lots of antioxidants that help our body fight chemicals called “free radicals”. Thanks to that, coffee drinkers are at a lower risk of diseases such as Parkinson’s, Type II Diabetes, and certain heart problems. However, coffee drinkers are also more likely to have unhealthy habits such as smoking and drinking alcohol. The study shown above has been adjusted to show what could happen if these other factors weren’t in effect.

Coffee contains important nutrients.

coffee facts

A single cup of coffee contains 11% of the daily recommended amount of vitamin B2, 6% for vitamin B5, 3% of Manganese and Potassium, and much more. As long as you drink good coffee, with no added chemicals or too much sugar, you’re doing your body a favor.

Coffee can help you burn fat.

coffee facts

Studies have proved that caffeine can increase your metabolism by 3 to 11%. It’s one of the few natural chemicals that has the power to encourage the process of burning fat.

All of the coffee is grown in the “The Coffee Belt.”

coffee facts

All the regions that have the conditions needed for coffee growing are located in The Coffee Belt. The plants require lots of sunshine and warmth and the tropical belt has plenty of those.

There’s a reason why iced coffee is more expensive

coffee facts

The resources needed for iced coffee are more numerous and more expensive than your regular coffee drink. From plastic cups, extra napkins, double brewing, and extra electricity power to make it all work. Those things add up, and so establishments charge more for their iced drinks.

Caffeine is a crystal.

coffee facts

The true form of caffeine isn’t liquid but rather tiny 0.0016-inch crystals. As small as they are, they still have a powerful energizing effect on us.

Coffee beans were once red berries.

coffee facts

coffee facts

It takes as little as ten minutes for you to start feeling the effects of caffeine after you take a sip of coffee. It’s one of the fastest effecting foods we eat and drink!

Coffee can help prevent dementia and Alzheimer’s.

coffee facts

Several studies have shown that people who drink coffee are up to 65% less likely to get Alzheimer’s disease, and, as a result, are also less likely to suffer from dementia.

The most expensive coffee on Earth is made from poop.

coffee facts

The most expensive coffee types in the worlds are made from beans that have been digested. Black Ivory costs $50 per cup and is made from elephant poo. Luwak, aka civet, coffee is made by feeding coffee beans to mongoose, it costs $160 per pound.

Coffee is great for your liver.

coffee facts

People who drink four cups of coffee a day are 80% less likely to develop cirrhosis, a condition that develops from several diseases affecting the liver. However, four cups of coffee are a lot so don’t drink that much, even at smaller amounts coffee can still help protect your liver.

Coffee houses were once banned in England.

coffee facts

In 1675, King Charles II banned coffee shops and issued closing warrants, because he thought people were meeting in coffee houses to conspire against him.

Caffeine improves your performance when working out.

coffee facts

Another benefit of caffeine is that it increases your levels of adrenaline and releases fatty acids from fat tissues. This leads to better physical performances by those who consume caffeine before working out.

Source….www.ba-bamail.com

Natarajan

Those red berries in the picture are the coffee berries, they grow on trees and from them we get the coffee beans we need to make our favored drink.

Caffeine kicks in quickly.